{embed passage: 'Reset'}
<h1 style="text-align: center;">Species At Risk</h1>
<p style="text-align: center;">Welcome to the Species At Risk (SAR) Saskatchewan education portal. Use the menu below to begin your journey!</p>
<hr />
[if score >= 145]
<h3 style="text-align: center;"><b>Great job!<b></h3>
<p style="text-align: center;">You've completed the LTL SAR exucation & exploration game! Come back any time, share with your friends, or click Reset in the bottom corner to play again.</p>
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<div class="half-block">
<h3 class="subtitle">Introduction</h3>
<ul>
<li>[[What is a SAR?]]</li>
<li>[[Why are they at risk?->SAR Causes]]</li>
<li><a class="link-icon" href="http://learningtheland.ca/sar/workshops/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Workshops</a></li>
<li><a class="link-icon" href="http://learningtheland.ca/sar/resources/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Teaching Resources</a></li>
<li><a class="link-icon" href="http://learningtheland.ca/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">learningtheland.ca</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="half-block">
<h3 class="subtitle">Species</h3>
<ul class="link-list">
<li><i class="fas fa-otter"></i> [[Mammals]]
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</li>
<li><i class="fas fa-moon"></i> [[Bats]]
[if batBrown === 1 && batHoary === 1 && batNorth === 1 && bats === 2]
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<li><i class="fas fa-crow"></i> [[Birds]]
[if birdOwl === 2 && birdPlover === 1 && birdHawk === 1 && birdPipit === 1 && birdPigeon === 1 && birdShrike === 1 && birdBlue === 1 && birdGrouse === 1 && birds === 2]
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[else]
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</li>
<li><i class="fas fa-spider"></i> [[Insects]]
[if bugBee === 2 && bugMoth === 1 && bugMonarch === 1]
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</li>
<li><i class="fas fa-frog"></i> [[Herpetiles]]
[if herpFrog === 2 && herpSnake === 1 && herpMander === 1 && herpLizard === 1]
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</li>
</ul>
</div>
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<h3 style="text-align: center;">Your Current Score:</h3>
<h1 class="green-bg block-shape white-text score">{score}<sub style="font-size: 0.5em; vertical-align: middle;"> / 145</sub></h1>
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</div><span class="close home">[[o->Home]]</span>
<h1>What is a <span class="purple">SAR</span>?</h1>
<p class="quote">Any animal or plant which has a small or noticeably decreasing population, is at risk. If nothing is done to change this pattern, they will disappear altogether.
<b>In Saskatchewan, there are 148 Species at Risk.</b>
Most of these species call Saskatchewan’s native prairie home.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 20px;">Species at risk are placed into one of <b>5</b> categories. Click a category below to learn more! </p>
<p class="yellow-bg block-shape white-text hover bar"><i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i>[[Special Concern]]</p>
<p class="orange-bg block-shape white-text hover bar"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i>[[Threatened]]</p>
<p class="red-bg block-shape white-text hover bar"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle"></i>[[Endangered]]</p>
<p class="grey-bg block-shape white-text hover bar"><i class="fas fa-question-circle"></i>[[Extirpated]]</p>
<p class="black-bg block-shape white-text hover bar"><i class="fas fa-times-circle"></i>[[Extinct]]</p>
<p class="block-shape hover bar">[[Why are they at risk?->SAR Causes]]</p>
<hr /><span class="close home">[[o->Home]]</span>
<h1>Why are they <span class="purple">at risk</span>?</h1>
<p class="quote">There are many factors which contribute to a declining wildlife population. Select a threat below to learn more about it.</p>
<details>
<summary><i class="fas fa-compress-arrows-alt"></i> Disappearing Habitat</summary>
<p class="details">As the natural ecosystem that a species lives in shrinks, degrades or is fragmented, they may begin to struggle to find food, shelter, or even reproduce.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><i class="fas fa-skull-crossbones"></i> Pesticides</summary>
<p class="details">Poisons used by humans to keep pests from harming their crops or damaging property may also harm unintended species.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><i class="fas fa-street-view"></i> Isolation</summary>
<p class="details">Disconnected fragments of habitat will support reduced populations of animals and plants and them vulnerable to extinction as their genetic viability declines.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><i class="fas fa-crosshairs"></i> Over-Harvesting</summary>
<p class="details">Hunting can be an effective population management tool. But if humans over-harvest an animal or plant, populations may not be able to reproduce fast enough too keep up.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><i class="fas fa-cat"></i> Invasive Species</summary>
<p class="details">If an animal or plant from another geographic region is introduced into a new ecosystem, this can present a threat to the native species present by competing for resources and potentially out-growing the native species.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><i class="fas fa-tractor"></i> Human Disturbances</summary>
<p class="details">Agriculture, mining, forestry, and road development, urban expansion, etc. often result in large portions of native prairie being damaged or destroyed, potentially putting many species in danger.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><i class="fas fa-biohazard"></i> Disease</summary>
<p class="details">Increased human population growth and urban expansion into wild habitat can increase the frequency of infectious viruses, bacteria and parasites that may find their way into a population of wildlife with often detrimental effects.</p>
</details>
<details>
<summary><i class="far fa-question-circle"></i> Unknown Causes</summary>
<p class="details">Sometimes it can be difficult to determine the reasons for a population decline in a species as it can be a combination of some or all of these factors. These can often be the most difficult to manage because the steps needed to prevent extinction are unclear.</p>
</details>
<p class="block-shape hover bar">[[What are the SAR in Saskatchewan?->Mammals]]</p>
<hr /><span class="close home">[[o->Home]]</span>
<h1><i class="fas fa-otter"></i> Mammals</h1>
<p class="quote">Distinguished by being warm-blooded and having hair or fur, the mammals of the prairie are beloved creatures with a history closely entwined with humans, but now some of them are at risk of disappearing.</p>
<h3>Mammals At Risk in Saskatchewan</h3>
Mammal species vary greatly between the different ecoregions of the province. From the smallest mouse to the largest moose, the prairies are teeming with our warm furry friends. They’ve been here much longer than humans and have gone through amazing changes over time. Many are thriving but more and more are coming under threat.
<div class="s-wrap">
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/black-footed-ferret-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Black-Footed Ferret]]</h2>
[if mamFerret === 1]
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[if mamFerret === 2]
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<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/swift-fox-threatened-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Swift Fox]]</h2>
[if mamFox === 1]
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[if mamFox === 2]
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<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/grizzly-bear-extirpated-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Grizzly Bear]]</h2>
[if mamBear === 1]
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</div>
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<hr>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">Bats!</h2>
<p style="text-align: center;">[[Click here->Bats]] to learn more about these flying mammals and the special dangers they face.</p>
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<h1><i class="fas fa-crow"></i> Birds</h1>
<p class="quote">Bats may rule the night sky, but during the day it’s for the birds. Fast flying and highly intelligent, our feathered friends have brought music to the prairies for millions of years. Now some of these descendants of dinosaurs may be following in their ancestors’ mighty footsteps.</p>
<h3>Birds At Risk in Saskatchewan</h3>
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<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/loggerhead-shrike-threatened-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Loggerhead Shrike]]</h2>
[if birdShrike === 1]
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<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/piping-plover-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Piping Plover]]</h2>
[if birdPlover === 1]
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</div>
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/mountain-bluebird-not-at-risk-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Mountain Bluebird]]</h2>
[if birdBlue === 1]
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</div>
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/greater-sage-grouse-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Greater Sage Grouse]]</h2>
[if birdGrouse === 1]
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<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/passenger-pigeon-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Passenger Pigeon]]</h2>
[if birdPigeon === 1]
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</div>
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/spragues-pipit-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Sprague's Pipit->Spragues Pipit]]</h2>
[if birdPipit === 1]
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</div>
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/ferroginous-hawk-threatened-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Ferroginous Hawk]]</h2>
[if birdHawk === 1]
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<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/burrowing-owl-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Burrowing Owl]]</h2>
[if birdOwl === 1]
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<div class="bottom">
<h3>What can we do to help?</h3>
<ul>
<li><i class="fas fa-tools"></i> <strong>[[Build Nest Boxes->Nest Boxes]]</strong>
[if birds === 1]
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<li>Leave dead and dying trees standing; some birds need dead trees to nest.</li>
<li>Spread the word and volunteer!</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h2 style="text-align: center;">Insects!</i></h2>
<p style="text-align: center;">A primary food source for birds, Insects play a vital role in our ecosystem. [[Click here->Insects]] to learn more about our friendly neighborhood bugs.</p>
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<h1><i class="fas fa-moon"></i> Bats</h1>
<p class="quote">Bats are a special type of mammal, and they’re facing a special type of risk. These winged insect hunters rule the night sky, but a deadly new fungus could spell their demise.</p>
<h3>Bat Facts!</h3>
<ul>
<li>There are 8 bat species in Saskatchewan and they all eat insects.
<li>A bat can eat up to <em>1,000 bugs per hour!</em></li>
<li>Bats <b>Do Not Bite</b> unprovoked.</li>
<li>They’re not blind!</li>
<li>The only bat that “drinks blood” is the Vampire Bat which lives far away in Central America.</li>
<li>They Eat <b>TONNES</b> of Mosquitoes (literally!)</li>
<li>Bats wings are a thin, flexible membrane stretched between elongated “fingers” that can bend in all directions.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Bat Powers & Weaknesses</h3>
<div class="s-wrap">
<div class="s-card card-half black-bg">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/echolocation.jpg" />
<h2 class="white-text">[[Echolocation]]</h2>
</div>
<div class="s-card card-half black-bg">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/hibernation.jpg" />
<h2 class="white-text">[[Hibernation]]</h2>
</div>
<div class="s-card card-half black-bg">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/nocturnal.jpg" />
<h2 class="white-text">[[Nocturnal]]</h2>
</div>
<div class="s-card card-half black-bg">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/white-nose.jpg" />
<h2 class="white-text">[[Plague]]</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="bottom">
<hr />
<h3>Bats At Risk in Saskatchewan</h3>
</div>
<div class="s-wrap">
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/northern-long-eared-bat-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Northern Long-Eared Bat]]</h2>
[if batNorth === 1]
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</div>
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/little-brown-bat-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Little Brown Bat]]</h2>
[if batBrown === 1]
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</div>
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/hoary-bat-1-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Hoary Bat]]</h2>
[if batHoary === 1]
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</div>
</div>
<div class="bottom">
<h3>What can we do to help?</h3>
<ul>
<li><i class="fas fa-tools"></i> <strong>[[Build Bat Houses->Bat Houses]]</strong>
[if bats === 1]
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<li>Do not disturb hibernating bats!</li>
<li>Spread the word and <a class="link-icon" href="http://www.natureconservancy.ca/en/what-you-can-do/conservation-volunteers/">volunteer</a>!</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h2 style="text-align: center;">Birds!</i></h2>
<p style="text-align: center;">Bats aren't the only flying creatures at risk in Saskatchewan. [[Click here->Birds]] to learn more about the threats facing our local birds.</p>
<hr />
</div><span class="close home">[[o->Home]]</span>
<h1><i class="fas fa-spider"></i> Insects</h1>
<p class="quote">A central food source for many species, as well as pollinators that are vital in producing the food humans eat, insects are some of the most important animals in the food chain. Without insects, we humans couldn’t survive.</p>
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<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/pale-yellow-dune-moth-vulnerable-1-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Pale Yellow Dune Moth]]</h2>
[if bugMoth === 1]
<p class="complete"><i class="fas fa-check"></i></p>
[continue]
</div>
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/bumblebee-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Western Bumblebee->Bumblebee]]</h2>
[if bugBee === 1]
<p class="complete orange-bg"><i class="fas fa-question"></i></p>
[continue]
[if bugBee === 2]
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<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/monarch-butterfly-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Monarch Butterfly]]</h2>
[if bugMonarch === 1]
<p class="complete"><i class="fas fa-check"></i></p>
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</div>
</div>
<div class="bottom">
<h3>Food Chain</h3>
<p>Insects are often the lowest animals on the food chain and serve a vital role as food for larger animals and <b>Pollinators</b> for plants. At the top of the food chain are <b>Apex Predators</b>, animals which eat other animals with nothing eating them.</p>
<hr>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">Herpetiles!</h2>
<p style="text-align: center;">Insects are a staple food for many <b>Reptiles</b> and <b>Amphibians</b>. [[Click here->Herpetiles]] to learn more about the Herpetiles in our province.</p>
<hr>
</div>
<span class="close home">[[o->Home]]</span>
<h1><i class="fas fa-frog"></i> Herpetiles?</h1>
<p class="quote">“Herpetile” is a general term which is used to refer to both <b>Amphibians</b> and <b>Reptiles</b>. Herpetology is the field of Zoology dedicated to the study of these animals. With cold blood and smooth or scaly skin, these ancient creatures are some of the most fascinating to find and learn about. Unfortunately, a number of our herpetiles are facing existential threats.</p>
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<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/yellow-bellied-racer-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Eastern Yellow-Bellied Racer]]</h2>
[if herpSnake === 1]
<p class="complete"><i class="fas fa-check"></i></p>
[continue]
</div>
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/northern-leopard-frog-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Northern Leopard Frog]]</h2>
[if herpFrog === 1]
<p class="complete orange-bg"><i class="fas fa-question"></i></p>
[continue]
[if herpFrog === 2]
<p class="complete"><i class="fas fa-check"></i></p>
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</div>
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/western-tiger-salamander-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Western Tiger Salamander]]</h2>
[if herpMander === 1]
<p class="complete"><i class="fas fa-check"></i></p>
[continue]
</div>
<div class="s-card">
<img src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/greater-short-horned-lizard-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<h2>[[Greater Short-Horned Lizard]]</h2>
[if herpLizard === 1]
<p class="complete"><i class="fas fa-check"></i></p>
[continue]
</div>
</div>
<div class="right-block">
<h3>Cold Blooded</h3>
<p style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px; padding: 0; margin-top: -10px;">One thing that all Reptiles and Amphibians have in common is their status as “cold-blooded” animals. This does not mean that their blood is actually cold though. They are <em>Thermoconforming</em> animals which means that their blood is the same temperature as their environment because their bodies do not produce heat.</p>
</div>
<div class="bottom">
<hr>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">Mammals!</h2>
<p style="text-align: center;">Herpetiles aren't the only animals with four limbs and a tail. [[Click here->Mammals]] to learn more about our furry friends and the threats they face.</p>
<hr>
</div>
<div class="backdrop">
<div class="category">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h2 class="yellow-bg block-shape white-text" style="padding: 5px 10px;"><i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i> Special Concern</h2>
Special Concern species are experiencing declining numbers due to human activities or natural events, but the population is still large enough to recover on its own.
Precautions should be undertaken to make sure they don’t become Threatened.
</div>
</div><div class="backdrop">
<div class="category">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h2 class="orange-bg block-shape white-text" style="padding: 5px 10px;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> Threatened</h2>
Threatened species are shrinking in numbers at a concerning rate. They are likely to become Endangered if nothing is done to reverse the factors causing their population to decline.
</div>
</div><div class="backdrop">
<div class="category">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h2 class="red-bg block-shape white-text" style="padding: 5px 10px;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle"></i> Endangered</h2>
Endangered species are on the verge of Extirpation or Extinction. Their numbers have been reduced to a mere handful so active conservation efforts must be employed to keep them from disappearing.
</div>
</div><div class="backdrop">
<div class="category">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h2 class="grey-bg block-shape white-text" style="padding: 5px 10px;"><i class="fas fa-question-circle"></i> Extirpated</h2>
Extirpated species no longer exist in the wild in one geographic area, but still exist in other geographic areas.
</div>
</div><div class="backdrop">
<div class="category">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h2 class="black-bg block-shape white-text" style="padding: 5px 10px;"><i class="fas fa-times-circle"></i> Extinct</h2>
Extinct species are animals which no longer exist anywhere in the world. They were unable to survive a change in their environment.
</div>
</div>score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
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<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Mammals]]</span>
<h2>Black-Footed Ferret</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/black-footed-ferret-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="red-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle"></i> [[Endangered]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Mustela nigripes</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Its population dropped slow low, it was once thought to be [[Extinct]]!</li>
<li>This ferret was reintroduced to the <em>Grasslands National Park</em> and that is currently the only place in Canada they can be found.</li>
<li>They eat Prairie Dogs and use their old burrows to live in.</li>
</ul>
<hr />
[if mamFerret === 1]
<h2>Pop Quiz!</h2>
<em>Can you guess how the Back Footed Ferret survives the winter?</em>
<p class="letter"><b>A</b> It [[Hibernates->Try Again]] in its burrow.</p>
<p class="letter"><b>B</b> It [[Migrates->Try Again]] to someplace warm.</p>
<p class="letter"><b>C</b> [[Neither->BFF]]: It loves to play in the snow and will go into its burrow to warm up!</p>
<hr />
[cont]score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
mamFox (passage.visits === 1): 1
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Mammals]]</span>
<h2>Swift Fox</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/swift-fox-threatened-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="orange-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> [[Threatened]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Vulpes velox</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>This little guy is the smallest species of fox in Canada.</li>
<li>They can run up to <b>60km/hr</b>; the fastest a human can run is less than 45km/hr!</li>
</ul>
<hr />
[if mamFox === 1]
<h2>Pop Quiz!</h2>
<em>How does the Swift Fox survive the winter?</em>
<p class="letter"><b>A</b> It [[Hibernates->Try Again]] in its burrow.</p>
<p class="letter"><b>B</b> It [[Migrates->Try Again]] to someplace warm.</p>
<p class="letter"><b>C</b> [[Neither->SWF]]: The cold doesn’t affect it because it has fur to keep it warm.</p>
<hr />
[cont]mamBear: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Mammals]]</span>
<h2>Grizzly Bear</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/grizzly-bear-extirpated-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="grey-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-question-circle"></i> [[Extirpated]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Ursus arctos horribilis</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>The Grizzly Bear was once the <em>Apex Predator</em> of the prairies</li>
<li>Sadly, it no longer exists in Saskatchewan (but is still found in other parts of North America).</li>
<li>It is otherwise known as the <em>North American Brown Bear</em></li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />
<h3>Grizzly Bear Hunts for Clams</h3>
<sup>by BBC Earth</sup>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SAhB93qLDXU" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<p class="quote">Grizzly bears eat more than just Salmon, watch this one digging for clams in Alaska.</p>
<hr class="bottom" />
batNorth: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Bats]]</span>
<h2>Northern Long-Eared Bat</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/northern-long-eared-bat-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="red-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle"></i> [[Endangered]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Myotis septentrionalis</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Average Length: 8.6 cm (3.4 in).</li>
<li>Average Weight: 5-8 g (0.18-0.28 oz).</li>
<li>[[Hibernates->Hibernation]] in caves in the winter.</li>
<li>Roosts in trees in the summer.</li>
</ul>
<ul class="triv-box threats">
<li><i class="fas fa-biohazard"></i> [[White Nose Syndrome->Plague]]</li>
<li>Also impacted by <i class="fas fa-compress-arrows-alt"></i> <b>Habitat Loss</b> and <i class="fas fa-tractor"></i> <b>Wind Turbine Farms.</b></li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />batBrown: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Bats]]</span>
<h2>Little Brown Bat</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/little-brown-bat-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="red-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle"></i> [[Endangered]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Myotis lucifugus</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Can roost anywhere, from caves to trees, and even barns and garages!</li>
<li>One of the longest lived mammals for its size – <em>they can live up to 33 years!</em></li>
</ul>
<ul class="triv-box threats">
<li>Once the most common bat in Canada, the cute Little Brown Bat is now Endangered due to <i class="fas fa-biohazard"></i> [[White Nose Syndrome->Plague]].</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />batHoary: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Bats]]</span>
<h2>Hoary Bat</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/hoary-bat-1-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="green-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-check"></i> Not At Risk</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Aeorestes cinereus</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>The Hoary Bat gets its name because its frosty white fur looks like <em>hoar frost</em>.</li>
<li>The largest species of bat in Canada.</li>
<li>Lives primarily in forests and woodlands.</li>
<li>Normally roosts on branches about 4 meters above the ground.</li>
<li><em>Migrates</em> south for the winter, unlike the Little Brown Bat and the Northern Long-Eared Bat which prefer to [[Hibernate->Hibernation]].</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />
<h3>Hoary Bat Enjoys Dinner</h3>
<sup>by the Wild Things Sanctuary</sup>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/AOd7Q5bLXec" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<p class="quote">This female Hoary Bat is feeding. Watch her chow down on mealworms while she recovers from a tail injury.</p>
<hr class="bottom" />
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
bats: 2
--
<span class="close back-link">{back link, label: ' '}</span>
<h1>Building <b>Bat Houses</b>!</h1>
<b>•</b> Not likely to be used first year – don’t be discouraged!<br>
<b>•</b> Look for white droppings under the box, or shine a flashlight up to see roosting bats and report your findings at <a class="link-icon" href="https://batwatch.ca" target="_blank" rel="noopener">www.batwatch.ca</a>
<hr />
<div class="s-wrap">
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<a class="link-icon" href="https://www.canadianwoodworking.com/plans-projects/build-bat-house" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Building Instructions</a>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<a class="link-icon" href="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Nest-Boxes-Placement-Guidelines.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Placement Guidelines</a>
</div>
</div>
<img class="round-img centre-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/bat-house-300x300.jpg" />
<hr />tryAgain: random.d4
--
<div class="backdrop">
<div class="category">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h1>Guess Again!</h1>
[if tryAgain === 1]
Hmm... that's not quite right!
[else]
[if tryAgain === 2]
Close, but no cigar! Try another?
[else]
[if tryAgain === 3]
This is a tricky one!
[else]
[if tryAgain === 4]
That was a good guess, but that's not the correct answer!
[else]
</div>
</div>birdShrike: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Birds]]</span>
<h2>Loggerhead Shrike</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/loggerhead-shrike-threatened-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="orange-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> [[Threatened]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Lanius ludovicianus</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Also known as the <b>Butcher Bird</b>!</li>
<li>Impales its prey on barbed wire fences or thorny bushes.</li>
<li>Eats Rodents, Insects, Amphibians and Reptiles, and even other birds. This butcher preys upon species in all 5 of our categories!</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />birdPlover: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Birds]]</span>
<h2>Piping Plover</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/piping-plover-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="red-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle"></i> [[Endangered]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Charadrius melodus</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li><b>Shorebird</b>: commonly found on pebbly beaches.</li>
<li>Prefers open areas with little vegetation.</li>
<li>Often seen running along the beach, chasing after insects to eat.</li>
<li>Amazing at <b>Camouflaging</b> among the rocks.</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />birdBlue: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Birds]]</span>
<h2>Mountain Bluebird</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/mountain-bluebird-not-at-risk-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="green-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-check"></i> Not At Risk</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Sialia currucoides</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Nests in tree cavities.</li>
<li>Once almost disappeared from North America due to <i class="fas fa-compress-arrows-alt"></i> <b>Habitat Loss</b>, but has recovered due to [[Nest Box->Nest Boxes]] efforts! It shares this story of near loss and miraculous recovery with <em>Tree Sparrows</em>.</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />birdGrouse: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Birds]]</span>
<h2>Greater Sage Grouse</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/greater-sage-grouse-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="red-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle"></i> [[Endangered]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Centrocercus urophasianus</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>As of 2014, there were less than 100 of these amazing birds left in Saskatchewan.</li>
<li>Males Dance at <b>Leks*</b> to attract females.</li>
<li>They rely on Sagebrush for both food and shelter, which is how they got their name.</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />
<h3>Greater Sage Grouse</h3>
<sup>by the American Bird Conservancy</sup>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/CeI8gLMl9Vs" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<p class="quote">This male Greater Sage Grouse is <b>lekking*</b>. Watch him strut, fan out his tail feathers and swell his air sacs to attract a hen.</p>
<em><b>*</b>A “Lek” is a gathering of male animals engaged in competitive displays (lekking) to entice visiting females to mate with them.</em>
<hr class="bottom" />
birdPigeon: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Birds]]</span>
<h2>Passenger Pigeon</h2>
<hr>
<p class="black-bg block-shape white-text" style="text-align: center; margin: 15px -4em; padding: 15px 4.5em; border-radius: 0; line-height: 26px;">On September 1, 1914, the last known passenger pigeon – a female named Martha – died in the Cincinnati Zoo. With her died her entire species.</p>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/passenger-pigeon-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="grey-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-times-circle"></i> [[Extinct]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Ectopistes migratorius</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>They were once the most abundant bird in all of North America.</li>
<li>A single flock could contain more than a <b>Billion</b> birds!</li>
<li>Humans wiped them out through <i class="fas fa-crosshairs"></i> <b>Over-Hunting</b>.</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />birdPipit: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Birds]]</span>
<h2>Sprague's Pipit</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/spragues-pipit-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="orange-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> [[Threatened]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Anthus spragueii</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Very good at hiding in grass; they can often be heard calling but are rarely seen.</li>
<li>They need a large area of Grasslands and do not like roads cutting through their territory.</li>
<li><b>Insectivore</b>: only eats bugs.</li>
<li>Instead of nesting in trees, this Pipit will weave a small cup-like grass nest on the ground.</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />birdHawk: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Birds]]</span>
<h2>Ferroginous Hawk</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/ferroginous-hawk-threatened-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="orange-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> [[Threatened]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Buteo regalis</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Known to use Bison Bones and hair in their nests along with twigs.</li>
<li>Largest Hawk in Saskatchewan.</li>
<li>Name means "Rust-Coloured Hawk" from the Latin word <em>ferrugin</em>, meaining 'iron rust'.</li>
</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />birdOwl (passage.visits === 1): 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Birds]]</span>
<h2>Burrowing Owl</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/burrowing-owl-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="red-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle"></i> [[Endangered]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Athene cunicularia</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Lives in <b>Burrows</b> in the ground.</li>
<li><b>Diurnal</b>: active during the day (as opposed to [[Nocturnal]])</li>
<li>Burrowing Owls like to order delivery! They will line their burrows with bison dung to attract insects to eat without having to leave the safety of their homes.</li>
<li>Stores food in its burrow, sometimes storing hundreds of rodents to eat later.</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />
[if birdOwl === 1]
<h2>Pop Quiz!</h2>
<em>How does the Burrowing Owl survive the winter?</em>
<p class="letter"><b>A</b> It [[Hibernates->Try Again]] in its burrow.</p>
<p class="letter"><b>B</b> It [[Migrates->OWL]] to someplace warm.</p>
<p class="letter"><b>C</b> [[Neither->Try Again]]: The cold doesn’t affect it because it has feathers to keep it warm.</p>
<hr />
[cont]
<h3>A Rare Glimpse of the Burrowing Owl</h3>
<sup>by Brave Wilderness</sup>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/UXb8S4weykM" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<p class="quote">Florida Atlantic University is also home to one of the coolest avian creatures “under” planet earth, the Burrowing Owl! These ground dwelling beauties are often very skittish and elusive but Coyote believes he can get close enough to film them without scaring them away. Will his army crawl tactics workout, or will the owls be savvy to his plan and disappear back into their burrows? Watch now to find out!</p>
<hr class="bottom" />
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
birds: 2
--
<span class="close back-link">{back link, label: ' '}</span>
<h1>Building <b>Nest Boxes</b>!</h1>
<b>•</b> Every April, clean out the boxes to remove any old nesting material.<br><b>•</b> Don’t put new material in. Leave them empty!
<hr />
<div class="s-wrap">
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<a class="link-icon" href="https://www.wikihow.com/Build-a-Simple-Nest-Box-for-Garden-Birds" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Building Instructions</a>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<a class="link-icon" href="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Nest-Boxes-Placement-Guidelines.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Placement Guidelines</a>
</div>
</div>
<img class="round-img centre-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/bird-box-300x300.jpg" />
<hr />score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
bugMoth: 1
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Insects]]</span>
<h2>Pale Yellow Dune Moth</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/pale-yellow-dune-moth-vulnerable-1-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="yellow-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i> [[Special Concern]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Copablepharon grandis</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box threats">
<li>The primary threat facing this dainty moth is <i class="fas fa-compress-arrows-alt"></i> <b>Habitat Loss</b>, specifically the loss of sparsely-vegetated <em>Sandy Grasslands</em> they call home.</li>
<li>They can often be found along gravel or sandy roads which mimic their natural habitat, they are often killed by passing cars.</li>
<li>Due to habitat <i class="fas fa-street-view"></i> <b>Fragmentation</b>, sub-populations are isolated and at added risk of [[Local Extinction->Extirpated]].</li>
</ul>
<hr />score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
bugBee (passage.visits === 1): 1
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Insects]]</span>
<h2>Western Bumblebee</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/bumblebee-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="orange-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> [[Threatened]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Bombus occidentalis</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Only female bumblebees have stingers.</li>
<li>They were formerly used to help in greenhouses, especially to pollinate tomatoes.</li>
</ul>
<hr />
[if bugBee === 1]
<h2>Pop Quiz!</h2>
<em>How does the Western Bumblebee survive the winter?</em>
<p class="letter"><b>A</b> It [[Hibernates->BEE]] in the ground or in trees.</p>
<p class="letter"><b>B</b> It [[Migrates->Try Again]] to someplace warm.</p>
<p class="letter"><b>C</b> [[Neither->BEE]]: Bumblebees only live for one year.</p>
<hr />
[cont]score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
bugMonarch: 1
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Insects]]</span>
<h2>Monarch Butterfly</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/monarch-butterfly-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="red-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle"></i> [[Endangered]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Danaus plexippus</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Monarch Butterflies only lay eggs on the leaves of the poisinous <b>Milkweed Plant.</b></li>
<li>The bright colours of their wings warn predators they are poisonous to eat.</li>
<li>They will always migrate back to the <b>same tree</b> that their ancestors migrated to, despite migration taking many generations.</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />
<h3>Monarch Butterfly Forest</h3>
<sup>by Nat Geo WILD</sup>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/AHroqZ0FB-w" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<p class="quote">Swarms of monarch butterflies create an awe-inspiring scene at their winter sanctuary in Mexico.</p>
<hr class="bottom" />
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/monarch-butterfly-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="right-half">
<h3>Born Colourful</h3>
<p>Even Monarch Larvae are brightly coloured with yellow and black to warn predators against eating them.
They get their poison from the toxic Milkweed plant they eat.</p>
</div>
<hr class="bottom" />
herpSnake: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Herpetiles]]</span>
<h2>Eastern Yellow-Bellied Racer</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/yellow-bellied-racer-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="orange-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle"></i> [[Threatened]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Coluber constrictor flaviventris</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Identifiable by its yellow coloured belly and olive dorsal scales</li>
<li>Prairie Rattlesnakes and Eastern Yellow-bellied Racers can share their <em>hibernacula</em>! (over-wintering dens)</li>
</ul>
<ul class="triv-box threats">
<li>Threats include <i class="fas fa-compress-arrows-alt"></i> <b>habitat loss</b>, small population size, <i class="fas fa-tractor"></i> <b>road mortality</b>, and disturbance to <em>hibernacula</em>.
</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/snake-eggs-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="right-half">
<h3>Snake Eggs!</h3>
<p>Unlike bird eggs which are hard, snake eggs are soft and leathery to the touch.
Snakes usually lay their eggs in sand or soil which helps incubate them, and then most species will leave and not watch over their nest.</p>
</div>
<hr class="bottom" />
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
herpFrog (passage.visits === 1): 1
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Herpetiles]]</span>
<h2>Northern Leopard Frog</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/northern-leopard-frog-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="yellow-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i> [[Special Concern]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Lithobates pipiens</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Frogs can breathe through their <em>skin</em>!</li>
<li>Only males call, they do this to attract females. Females of the species are normally quiet.</li>
</ul>
<ul class="triv-box threats">
<li>Vulnerable to <i class="fas fa-cat"></i> <b>Invasive Fish and Bullfrogs</b> in their <em>Breeding Ponds</em>.</li>
</ul>
<hr />
[if herpFrog === 1]
<h2>Pop Quiz!</h2>
<em>Can you guess how the Northern Leopard Frog survives the winter?</em>
<p class="letter"><b>A</b> It [[Hibernates->NLF]] at the bottom of a deep lake.</p>
<p class="letter"><b>B</b> It [[Migrates->Try Again]] to someplace warm.</p>
<p class="letter"><b>C</b> [[Neither->Try Again]]: The cold doesn’t affect it because it’s a cold-blooded animal.</p>
<hr />
[cont]herpMander: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Herpetiles]]</span>
<h2>Western Tiger Salamander</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/western-tiger-salamander-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="yellow-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i> [[Special Concern]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Ambystoma mavortium</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Both larvae and adults are <b>Carnivorous</b> (meat eaters) and feed on a wide range of small prey!</li>
</ul>
<ul class="triv-box threats">
<li>At risk due to <i class="fas fa-compress-arrows-alt"></i> <b>Habitat Loss</b> and <i class="fas fa-street-view"></i> <b>Fragmentation</b> as well as <i class="fas fa-cat"></i> <b>Invasive Predatory Fish</b> and <i class="fas fa-biohazard"></i> <b>Emerging Diseases</b>.</li>
<li>Increasing human populations and road densities have increased the potential for <i class="fas fa-tractor"></i> <b>Road Mortality</b> during seasonal migrations between breeding sites and overwintering habitats.
</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/salamander-eggs-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="right-half">
<h3>Salamander Eggs!</h3>
<p>Like frogs and many other amphibians, salamanders plant their eggs underwater in the form of jelly-like egg sacs which they attach to reeds or plant roots. </p>
</div>
<hr class="bottom" />
herpLizard: 1
score (passage.visits === 1): score + 5
--
<span class="close back-link">[[ ->Herpetiles]]</span>
<h2>Greater Short-Horned Lizard</h2>
<img class="round-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/greater-short-horned-lizard-endangered-300x300.jpg" />
<div class="s-wrap" style="margin-top: 40px;">
<div class="red-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Conservation Status</h4>
<h3 style="text-transform: uppercase;"><i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle"></i> [[Endangered]]</h3>
</div>
<div class="purple-bg block-shape white-text">
<h4 class="black-bg block-shape white-text">Scientific Name</h4>
<h4 style="font-weight: 600;"><em>Phrynosoma hernandesi</em></h4>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="bottom invis" />
<ul class="triv-box trivia">
<li>Unlike most lizards, this species is <b>Viviparous</b>, meaning it gives live birth instead of laying eggs!</li>
<li>They can <b>shoot blood out of their eyes</b> when provoked!</li>
<li>They are <em>sit-and-wait predators</em> which prey primarily on ants.</li>
</ul>
<hr class="bottom" />
<h3>Blood Shooting Eyes</h3>
<sup>by Nat Geo WILD</sup>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/xodVcgJ8bc0" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<p class="quote">The Greater Short-Horned Lizard defends itself from predators with excellent camouflage, a spiky body it can puff up like a pufferfish, and by shooting blood from its eyes!</p>
<hr class="bottom" />
<span class="close back-link">{back link, label: ' '}</span>
<h1>Echolocation</h1>
<hr />
<img class="hero-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/echolocation.jpg" />
<p class="quote">Echolocation is the biological sonar used by bats to navigate and forage, often in total darkness. They emit calls out to the environment and listen for the echoes of those calls to bounce back from various objects near them.</p>
<hr />
<span class="close back-link">{back link, label: ' '}</span>
<h1>Hibernation</h1>
<hr />
<img class="hero-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/hibernation.jpg" />
<p class="quote">Hibernation is a deep sleep which allows bats to conserve energy and survive the winter with little or no food. Bats that live where insect prey is scarce during winter will hibernate in houses, trees, or rock cavities; clustered on walls or ceilings. Hibernation can last over six months on only a few grams of stored fat! They drop their body temperature and slow their metabolism to achieve this. By spring, bats will lose half of their body weight.</p>
<hr />
<span class="close back-link">{back link, label: ' '}</span>
<h1>Nocturnal</h1>
<hr />
<img class="hero-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/nocturnal.jpg" />
<p class="quote">Bats are nocturnal, which means they are active during the night and sleep during the day. The opposite of nocturnal is “diurnal” which means active during the day and sleeping at night.</p>
<hr />
<span class="close back-link">{back link, label: ' '}</span>
<h1>White-Nose Syndrome</h1>
<hr />
<img class="hero-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/white-nose.jpg" />
<p class="quote">WNS - <em>The White Plague</em> - is an emerging disease in bats which has killed millions of bats in North America. It is a distinctive fungal growth around the muzzles and on the wings of hibernating bats. It was first identified in 2006 and is the gravest threat to bats ever seen, killing up to 90% of a region’s bat population within 5 years of exposure. No treatment or means of preventing transmission is known yet.</p>
<hr />
bats (passage.visits === 1): 0
batNorth (passage.visits === 1): 0
batBrown (passage.visits === 1): 0
batHoary (passage.visits === 1): 0
mamBear (passage.visits === 1): 0
mamFox (passage.visits === 1): 0
mamFerret (passage.visits === 1): 0
birds (passage.visits === 1): 0
birdPlover (passage.visits === 1): 0
birdHawk (passage.visits === 1): 0
birdBlue (passage.visits === 1): 0
birdShrike (passage.visits === 1): 0
birdGrouse (passage.visits === 1): 0
birdPigeon (passage.visits === 1): 0
birdPipit (passage.visits === 1): 0
birdOwl (passage.visits === 1): 0
bugMoth (passage.visits === 1): 0
bugMonarch (passage.visits === 1): 0
bugBee (passage.visits === 1): 0
herpSnake (passage.visits === 1): 0
herpFrog (passage.visits === 1): 0
herpLizard (passage.visits === 1): 0
herpMander (passage.visits === 1): 0
score (passage.visits === 1): 0
config.footer.left: "Score: <b>{score}</b>"
--score: score + 5
mamFerret: 2
--
<div class="backdrop">
<div class="category" style="margin: 50px auto;">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h1>That's correct!</h1>
Black Footed Ferrets love to play in the snow! Winter is a good time to see if Black-footed Ferrets are around because they leave very distinct tracks in the snow. However, its body does not hold heat very well so it has to keep moving to stay warm.
<img class="round-img centre-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/ferret-prints.jpg" />
</div>
</div>score: score + 5
mamFox: 2
--
<div class="backdrop">
<div class="category" style="margin: 50px auto;">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h1>You got it!</h1>
In winter the Swift Fox's fur grows in thicker. They will also use their dens in winter and can be found basking in the sunlight just outside it.
<img class="round-img centre-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/swift-fox.jpg" />
<sup style="text-align: center;">Photo credit: Robert Berdan</sup>
</div>
</div>score: score + 5
bugBee: 2
--
<div class="backdrop">
<div class="category">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h1>Both <b>A</b> and <b>C</b> are right!</h1>
<p class="quote">The queen bee lays several broods of worker bees through the spring and summer and, eventually, she will begin to produce new queens and/or male bees. The new queens and males leave the nest to mate with bees from other nests, and the new queens go into hibernation.
All of the workers and males die and must be replaced in the spring. The new queen will hibernate in loose soil or rotting trees.</p>
</div>
</div>score: score + 5
herpFrog: 2
--
<div class="backdrop">
<div class="category">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h1>It <b>Hibernates</b>!</h1>
<p class="quote">The lake must be deep enough that it doesn't freeze to the bottom. The Northern Leopard Frog breathes the oxygen dissolved in the water through its skin while it hibernates.</p>
</div>
</div>score: score + 5
birdOwl: 2
--
<div class="backdrop">
<div class="category" style="margin: 50px auto;">
<span class="close">{back link, label: '×'}</span>
<h1>It <b>Migrates</b>!</h1>
The Burrowing Owl will migrate to the Southern United States or Mexico for winter. Not only do we need to protect their habitat here, but we need to make sure they have a safe place to spend the winter.<br>
Due to the threats it faces on its journey, <b>only 6% of Burrowing Owls return from Migration.</b>
<img class="round-img centre-img" src="http://learningtheland.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/burrowing-owl-300x300.jpg" />
</div>
</div>